Stalin rises as the leader of the Bolsheviks, and in Munich, the German Workers Party takes a new name: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter, or 'Nazi' as it would come to be called.

Hitler and Stalin begin to shape the course of history. President Roosevelt attempts to raise his country out of the Depression, and the world teeters on the brink of yet another World War.

Hitler's invasion of the Rhineland was a gamble that paid off as his push west remained unchecked; while the leaders of Europe attempt 'peace', Kristallnacht signalled the horrors yet to come to many.

The 1969 Moon landings were regarded as man's greatest achievement; what was not well-known is that the men behind the mission were engineers of one of the darkest periods in human history.

This episode's hunt for cursed treasure begins not with diamonds and gold, but with skin and bone unearthed in the dangerous wilds of Russia's arctic Yamal Peninsula...

A discovery 20,000 years ago in Ice Age Spain ruins its finders' life; we also travel to Turin in Italy, which is home to one of one of the most controversial relics of the Christian church.

A room in Russia was described as the eighth wonder of the world, but it has left a trail of conspiracy and bloodshed since its mysterious disappearance during WWII.

An Indian jewel at the time of the Mughal Empire is linked to centuries of greed and bloodshed, and a fatal road trip in 1950s Los Angeles extinguishes one of Hollywood's brightest stars.

The biggest archaeological dig in Pompeii for a generation reaches its climax as the dig moves focus to a luxurious residence possibly owned by Pompeiian bigwig and politician Aulus Rustius Verus.

The economy, trade and commercial power of Rome on the eve of the Empire with the Battle of Alesia, portraits of Julius Caesar and Cleopatra, and the Pantheon, the temple of all gods.

The aristocracy and the perils of power in the time of a feared emperor with Boudicca's revolt, portraits of Nero and Boudicca, and Nero's incredible palace of the Domus Aurea.

The games and entertainment, plus violence as a political instrument, with the Battle of Laugaricio (modern-day Slovakia), portraits of Commodus and Lucilla, and the legendary Colosseum.

War, loyalty, citizenship and the plots of a changing empire with the massacres of Alexandria, portraits of Caracalla and Julia Domna, and the extraordinary Baths of Caracalla.

At the outbreak of World War II, the Nazis had the finest air force in the entire world. James Holland learns how internecine squabbles led the Nazi High Command on the catastrophic road to defeat.

James Holland uncovers the truth behind Hitler's feared Panzer divisions and explores how the German obsession with over-engineering their armoured vehicles brought about their downfall.

James explores the U-Boat fleet, from one-man torpedoes to the Type XXI, and uncovers how Hitler's failure to understand maritime warfare held the key to the outcome of World War II.

From Lugers to MG42 machine guns and the Pak40 anti-tank gun, James Holland uncovers how the craftsmanship of German weapons engineering was totally unsuited to fighting a long attritional war.

The 1969 Moon landings were regarded as man's greatest achievement; what was not well-known is that the men behind the mission were engineers of one of the darkest periods in human history.

Two sites are emblematic of legionary life in Ancient Roman times: the fort of Vindolanda and the garrison of Lugdunum. Excavations have unearthed objects that shed light on the life of these sites.

Recent excavations in the city of Lyon shed light on the daily lives of Roman soldiers; numerous artefacts have been unearthed such as 1st-century A.D. / C.E. weapons and toiletry and leisure items.

Hunting down the female gladiators who fought in the great amphitheatres of ancient Rome, an international team uncover evidence that restores these amazing women to their rightful place in history.

Espionage and intelligence were crucial during WWII; clever camouflage, the Enigma machine, and concealable weapons were as important as any tank, ship, aircraft or bomb.