Japan's escalation of the War in the East is devastatingly effective; despite their success, it is possible to see their inevitable defeat as they have roused the military might of the USA.

The war turns in favour of the Allies; Montgomery turns the tables on the Afrika Corps at El Alamein, the Japanese are defeated at Guadalcanal, and the Germans are defeated at Stalingrad.

The Allied leaders meet for their first conference to discuss the coordination of their efforts, a Japanese division is destroyed at sea, and the Red Army begins its advance towards Berlin.

Bulgaria is a treasure trove of history and culture; join Bettany as she embarks on an adventure meeting local people, sampling their cuisine, and learning about their cherished customs along the way.

Ramses II reigned for 66 years and left a colossal legacy of monuments and temples; his reputation embodies the power and grandeur of Pharaonic Egypt.

Khufu, the second pharaoh of the fourth dynasty, is famous for the Great Pyramid of Giza; his reign is shrouded in mystery but bears witness to the greatness of ancient Egypt.

Ramses II launched the construction of two temples dedicated to the Pharaoh and to his wife Nefertari; how did the Egyptians organise and manage such a project 1,500 kilometres from the Nile delta?

After Hatshepsut's death, Thutmose III proved himself at Megiddo against Canaanite kings; from Deir el-Bahari to Karnak to the fortress, discover the battle that made him Egypt's most warlike pharaoh.

1274 B.C. / B.C.E.: The Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II and Hittite King Muwatalli II clash in one of the greatest battles of antiquity at Qadesh in a story of spies, surprises and reversals of fortune.

Hellenistic pharaohs fought the Seleucids for centuries; Ptolemy IV faced Antiochos the Great at Raphia with 100,000 men and war elephants. Discover the combatants, naval strategy and consequences.

Cleopatra conquers the Egyptian throne by allying with powerful men to regain power; facing Octavian at the Battle of Actium, nothing goes to plan and leads to her downfall and his rise as emperor.

The Allies continue their eastward push from Normandy and close on the German border; in the east, the Soviet Union unleashes Operation Bagration, the greatest offensive of the war.

The Allies succeed in crossing the Rhine and fight their way through Germany as the Red Army finally forces Axis troops from Soviet territory and closes on the capital, Berlin.

Berlin falls and the war in Europe ends. Okinawa falls with terrible losses on both sides as each prepares for the invasion of the first of the major home islands - but a new weapon is unleashed.

Hitler's DNA is discovered for the first time in history as experts investigate what it reveals about his heritage and his formative years.

Experts investigating Hitler's DNA uncover psychiatric conditions and find a genetic mutation that disrupts sexual development.

In 1609, in the Basque Country, a local dispute turned into accusations of witchcraft. Between the 15th and 17th centuries, up to 60,000 people were condemned. Historians find out what really happened.

In 1798, Napoleon invaded Egypt with soldiers and scholars. As Denon risked his life recording ancient wonders, the Rosetta Stone promised to unlock the mystery of hieroglyphs.

After France's defeat, British and French consuls battled for Egypt's antiquities. Explorer Belzoni joined the race to seize the colossal Young Memnon as their ruthless rivalry intensified.

On the 7th of December, 1941, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor; the attack brought America into WWII and changed how battles were fought as the first-ever assault by aircraft-carrier based fighters.